Dhinaca aaladaha shucaaca elektromagnetic-ka, anteenooyinka RF iyo anteenooyinka microwave-ka ayaa inta badan jahawareersan, laakiin dhab ahaantii waxaa jira kala duwanaansho aasaasi ah. Maqaalkani wuxuu sameeyaa falanqayn xirfadeed oo laga soo qaaday saddex qaybood: qeexida band ee soo noqnoqda, mabda'a naqshadaynta, iyo habka wax soo saarka, gaar ahaan isku darka tiknoolajiyada muhiimka ah sidavacuum brazing.
RF MISOFoornada Brazing Vacuum
1. Kala duwanaanshaha band ee soo noqnoqda iyo sifooyinka jireed
anteenada RF:
Xadka soo noqnoqda ee hawlgalka waa 300 kHz - 300 GHz, oo daboolaya baahinta hirarka dhexdhexaadka ah (535-1605 kHz) ilaa mowjadda millimitirka (30-300 GHz), laakiin codsiyada asaasiga ahi waxay ku urursan yihiin <6 GHz (sida 4G LTE, WiFi 6). Dhererka hirarku wuu dheer yahay ( sentimitir ilaa heerka mitir), qaabdhismeedku inta badan waa dipole iyo anteeno karbaash, iyo dareenka dulqaadku waa hooseeyaa (± 1% mawjadaha dhererka waa la aqbali karaa).
Anteenada Microwave:
Gaar ahaan 1 GHz - 300 GHz (mawjadaha microwave ilaa millimeter), xargaha soo noqnoqda codsiga caadiga ah sida X-band (8-12 GHz) iyo Ka-band (26.5-40 GHz). Shuruudaha hirarka gaaban (heerka milimitir):
✅ Saxnaanta farsamaynta heerka cabbirka (dulqaadka ≤± 0.01λ)
✅ Xakamaynta qallafsanaanta dusha adag (<3μm Ra)
✅ Substrate dielectric-khasaare hooseeya (ε r ≤2.2, tanδ≤0.001)
2. Biyo-mareenka farsamada wax soo saarka
Waxqabadka anteenooyinka mikrowave wuxuu aad ugu tiirsan yahay tignoolajiyada wax soo saarka ee dhamaadka-sare:
| Farsamada | Anteenada RF | Anteenada Microwave |
| Tignoolajiyada isku xirka | Xakamaynta alxanka/dharka | Vacuum Brazed |
| Alaab-qeybiyeyaal Caadi ah | Warshada Guud ee Elektrooniga | Shirkadaha Brazing sida Hawada Qorraxda |
| Shuruudaha alxanka | Isku xirka waxtarka leh | Gelida ogsijiinta eber, dib u habeynta qaab dhismeedka hadhuudhka |
| Metrics furaha | Iska caabinta <50mΩ | Isbarbardhigga balaarinta kulaylka (ΔCTE <1ppm/℃) |
Qiimaha asaasiga ah ee faakium brazing ee anteenooyinka microwave:
1. Xidhiidh la'aanta oksidation-ka: brazing in 10 -5 Torr vacuum jawi si looga fogaado oksaydhka Cu/Al alloys iyo in la ilaaliyo conductivity>98% IACS
2. Ciribtirka cadaadiska kulaylka: kuleyl tartiib tartiib ah oo ka sarreeya dareeraha walxaha birta ah (tusaale BAISi-4 alloy, liquidus 575 ℃) si loo baabi'iyo microcracks
3. Xakamaynta qallafsanaanta: guud ahaan qallafsanaanta <0.1mm/m si loo hubiyo joogteynta wejiga milimitirka
3. Isbarbardhigga waxqabadka korantada iyo xaaladaha codsiga
Astaamaha shucaaca:
1.Anteenada RF: inta badan shucaaca jiho dhan walba ah, faa'iido ≤10 dBi
2.Anteenada Microwave: jihayn heer sare ah (ballac dhuxul 1°-10°), korodho 15-50 dBi
Codsiyada caadiga ah:
| Anteenada RF | Anteenada Microwave |
| munaaradda raadiyaha FM | Qaybaha Array Array T/R |
| Dareemayaasha IoT | quudinta isgaarsiinta dayax-gacmeedka |
| Tags RFID | 5G mmWave AAU |
4. Tijaabi kala duwanaanshaha xaqiijinta
anteenada RF:
- Diirada: Isbarbardhigga Isbarbardhigga (VSWR <2.0)
- Habka: Xaaqid soo noqnoqoshada falanqeeyaha shabakadda Vector
Anteenada Microwave:
- Diiradda: Qaabka shucaaca/joogteynta wajiga
- Habka: Sawirka goobta dhow (sax ahaan λ/50), tijaabada goobta is haysta
Gabagabo: Anteenooyinka RF waa udub dhexaadka isku xirka wireless-ka guud, halka anteenooyinka microwave-yadu ay yihiin xudunta udub dhexaadka sare iyo nidaamyada saxda ah. Biyo-mareenka u dhexeeya labada waa:
1. Kordhinta soo noqnoqoshada waxay keenaysaa mawjada dhererka oo gaabisa, taasoo dhalinaysa isbeddel qaabayn ah.
2. Geedi socodka wax soo saarka kala-guurka - anteenooyinka microwave-ku waxay ku tiirsan yihiin tignoolajiyada gees-goynta ah sida brazing vacuum si loo hubiyo waxqabadka
3. Kakanaanta tijaabadu waxay u koraan si xad dhaaf ah
Xalalka brazing Vacuum ee ay bixiyaan shirkado xirfadleyaal ah oo brazing sida Solar Atmospheres waxay noqdeen dammaanad fure u ah isku halaynta nidaamyada hirarka millimitirka. Marka 6G uu ku fido guutada soo noqnoqda ee terahertz, qiimaha habkani wuxuu noqon doonaa mid caan ah.
Si aad wax badan uga ogaato anteenooyinka, fadlan booqo:
Waqtiga boostada: Meey-30-2025
