Sida loo hagaajiyo waxtarka gudbinta iyo baaxadda anteenada

1. Hagaajinta naqshadeynta anteenada
Anteenadanaqshadeynta ayaa fure u ah hagaajinta waxtarka gudbinta iyo baaxadda. Halkan waxaa ah dhowr siyaabood oo lagu wanaajin karo naqshadeynta anteenada:
1.1 Adeegso tignoolajiyada anteenada daldaloolada badan leh
Tiknoolajiyada anteenada badan ee daloolladu waxay kordhin kartaa jiheynta iyo faa'iidada anteenada, waxayna wanaajin kartaa hufnaanta gudbinta iyo kala duwanaanta calaamadaha. Iyada oo si macquul ah loo naqshadeeyo daloolka, qalooca iyo tusaha dib u soo celinta anteenada, saameyn wanaagsan oo diirada lagu saaro ayaa lagu gaari karaa.
1.2 Isticmaal anteeno badan oo curiye ah
Anteenooyinka kala duwan waxay gaari karaan soo dhaweynta iyo gudbinta calaamadaha soo noqnoqda kala duwan iyadoo la hagaajinayo xaaladda shaqada ee oscillators kala duwan. Anteenadani waxay taageertaa gudbinta calaamadaha isku mar isku mar ah taxanayaal badan, si ay u wanaajiso hufnaanta gudbinta iyo baaxadda.
1.3 Hagaajinta tignoolajiyada iftiinka anteenada
Tignoolajiyada beamforming waxay gaari kartaa gudbinta jihada ee calaamadaha iyadoo hagaajinaysa wejiga iyo baaxadda oscillator-ka anteenada. Marka la wanaajiyo qaabka iyo jihada iftiinka, tamarta calaamaduhu waxay ku koobnaan kartaa aagga bartilmaameedka, hagaajinta waxtarka gudbinta iyo baaxadda.

2. Kor u qaad gudbinta calaamadaha
Marka lagu daro hagaajinta naqshadeynta anteenada, awoodda gudbinta calaamadda sidoo kale waxaa lagu wanaajin karaa hababka soo socda:
2.1 Isticmaal korantada
Cod-weyneyuhu wuxuu kor u qaadi karaa xoogga calaamadda, taas oo kordhinaysa tirada gudbinta calaamadda. Adoo dooranaya cod-weyneeye ku habboon oo si macquul ah u hagaajinaya xaaladda shaqada ee cod-weyneeye, calaamadda si wax ku ool ah ayaa loo kordhin karaa saameynta gudbinta waa la hagaajin karaa.
2.2 Isticmaal tignoolajiyada kor u qaadista calaamadaha
Tiknoolajiyada kor u qaadista calaamadaha waxay wanaajin kartaa hufnaanta gudbinta iyo kala duwanaanta calaamadda iyada oo kordhinaysa xajmiga calaamada, hagaajinta inta jeer ee calaamadaha, iyo hagaajinta habka beddelka ee calaamadda. Tusaale ahaan, isticmaalka tignoolajiyada hopping soo noqnoqda waxay ka fogaan kartaa faragelinta calaamadaha waxayna wanaajisaa tayada gudbinta calaamadaha.
2.3 Kordhi algorithm habaynta calaamadaha
Hagaajinta algorithm-ka habaynta calaamadaha waxay hagaajin kartaa awoodda ka-hortagga faragelinta iyo waxtarka gudbinta calaamadaha. Qaadashada hababka sida algorithms-ka-habaynta la-qabsiga iyo algorithms-ka barbar-dhigga, hagaajinta tooska ah ee calaamadaha iyo xakamaynta tooska ah ee faragelinta ayaa lagu gaari karaa, iyo xasilloonida iyo isku halaynta gudbinta waa la wanaajin karaa.
3. Hagaajinta qaabka anteenada iyo deegaanka
Marka lagu daro hagaajinta naqshadeynta anteenada lafteeda iyo awoodda gudbinta calaamadaha, qaabeynta macquulka ah iyo deegaanka ayaa sidoo kale looga baahan yahay si loo hagaajiyo waxtarka gudbinta iyo baaxadda.
3.1 Dooro booska anteenada ku habboon
Doorashada macquulka ah ee booska anteenada waxay yareyn kartaa luminta gudbinta calaamadda waxayna wanaajisaa waxtarka gudbinta. Mawqifka anteenada ku habboon waxaa lagu dooran karaa iyada oo loo marayo tijaabinta xoogga signalada iyo khariidadda daboolida calaamadaha si looga fogaado xannibaadda calaamadaha iyo faragelinta.
3.2 Hagaaji qaabka anteenada
Qaabka anteenada, anteenooyin badan ayaa isku mid ah ama si taxane ah loogu xidhi karaa si kor loogu qaado tirada gudbinta iyo tayada calaamada. Isla mar ahaantaana, xagasha jihada anteenada iyo masaafada u dhaxaysa anteenooyinka ayaa si macquul ah loo kontarooli karaa si loo kordhiyo awoodda gudbinta calaamadda.
3.3 Yaree faragelinta iyo xannibaadda
Deegaanka ku hareereysan ee anteenada, waxaa lagama maarmaan ah in la yareeyo faragelinta iyo xannibaadaha sida ugu macquulsan. Hoos u dhigista iyo faragelinta gudbinta calaamadaha waxaa lagu yarayn karaa iyada oo la go'doomiyo isha faragelinta, kordhinta dariiqa faafinta calaamadda, iyo ka fogaanshaha xannibaadda walxaha birta ah ee ballaaran.
Marka la wanaajiyo naqshadeynta anteenada, kor u qaadista awoodda gudbinta calaamadaha, iyo hagaajinta qaabka anteenada iyo deegaanka, waxaan si wax ku ool ah u wanaajin karnaa hufnaanta gudbinta iyo baaxadda anteenada. Hababkani kaliya maaha kuwo lagu dabaqi karo goobta isgaarsiinta raadiyaha, laakiin sidoo kale baahinta raadiyaha, isgaarsiinta dayax-gacmeedka iyo qeybaha kale, iyagoo siinaya taageero xooggan horumarinta tignoolajiyada isgaarsiinta.