Fogaanta isgaarsiineed ee nidaamka isgaarsiinta wireless-ku gaari karo waxaa lagu go'aamiyaa arrimo kala duwan sida aaladaha kala duwan ee ka kooban nidaamka iyo deegaanka isgaarsiinta. Xidhiidhka ka dhexeeya waxa lagu muujin karaa isla'egta fogaanta isgaadhsiinta ee soo socota.
Haddii awoodda gudbinta ee qalabka gudbinta ee nidaamka isgaadhsiinta uu yahay PT, faa'iidada anteenada gudbintu waa GT, iyo hirarka hawlgalka waa λ. Dareenka aqbalaha aaladaha qaataha waa PR, faa'iidada anteenada heleysa waa GR, masaafada u dhexeysa anteenooyinka aqbala iyo gudbinta waa R, masaafada muuqaalka iyo deegaanka iyada oo aan faragelin elektromagnetic ah, xiriirka soo socda ayaa jira:
PT (dBm) -PR (dBm) + GT (dBi) + GR (dBi) = 20log4pr (m) / l (m) + Lc (dB) + L0 (dB) Qaabka, Lc waa galinta feederiyaha luminta saldhigga saldhigga gudbinta anteenada; L0 waa luminta mowjadaha raadiyaha inta lagu jiro faafinta.
Marka la naqshadeynayo nidaamka, xad ku filan waa in loo daayaa shayga ugu dambeeya, luminta hirarka raadiyaha L0.
Guud ahaan, margin 10 ilaa 15 dB ayaa loo baahan yahay marka la marayo kaynta iyo dhismayaasha madaniga ah; margin 30 ilaa 35 dB ayaa loo baahan yahay marka la marayo dhismayaasha shubka ah ee la xoojiyay.
Marka loo eego 800MH, 900ZMHz CDMA iyo xargaha soo noqnoqda ee GSM, waxaa guud ahaan la rumeysan yahay in heerka la heli karo ee taleefannada gacanta ay ku dhow yihiin -104dBm, iyo calaamadda dhabta ah ee la helay waa in ay ahaataa ugu yaraan 10dB sare si loo hubiyo saamiga loo baahan yahay ee signal-ilaa-qeylada. Dhab ahaantii, si loo ilaaliyo isgaarsiinta wanaagsan, awoodda la helay waxaa badanaa lagu xisaabiyaa -70 dBm. Ka soo qaad in saldhiga salku leeyahay xuduudaha soo socda:
Awoodda gudbinta waa PT = 20W = 43dBm; awoodda helitaanku waa PR = -70dBm;
Luminta quudiyaha waa 2.4dB (qiyaastii 60m quudiye)
Telefoonka gacanta ee hela anteenada faa'iido GR = 1.5dBi;
Hirarka hirka shaqada λ = 33.333cm (oo u dhiganta inta jeer ee f0 = 900MHz);
Isla'egta isgaarsiineed ee kore waxay noqon doontaa:
43dBm-(-70dBm)+ GT(dBi)+1.5dBi=32dB+ 20logr(m) dB +2.4dB + khasaare faafin L0
114.5dB+ GT(dBi) -34.4dB = 20logr(m)+ khasaaraha faafinta L0
80.1dB+GT(dBi) = 20logr(m)+ khasaaraha faafinta L0
Marka qiimaha dhinaca bidix ee qaacidada sare uu ka weyn yahay qiimaha dhinaca midig, taasi waa:
GT(dBi)> 20logr(m)-80.1dB+ khasaaraha faafinta L0. Marka sinnaan la'aantu ay sii jirto, waxaa loo qaadan karaa in nidaamku ilaalin karo xiriir wanaagsan.
Haddii saldhiga saldhiga uu isticmaalo anteenada gudbinta jiheeyaha oo dhan oo faa'iido GT=11dBi iyo masaafada u dhaxaysa gudbinta iyo helitaanka anteenooyinka ay tahay R=1000m, isla'egta isgaarsiintu waxay sii noqonaysaa 11dB>60-80.1dB+luminta faafinta L0, taas oo ah, marka khasaaraha faafinta L0, isgaarsiin wanaagsan lagu ilaalin karo masaafo km1.
Marka la eego shuruudaha khasaaraha faafinta ee kor ku xusan, haddii anteenada gudbinaysa ay hesho GT = 17dBi, taas oo ah, korodhka 6dBi, masaafada isgaadhsiinta waa la labanlaabmi karaa, taas oo ah, r = 2 kiiloomitir. Kuwo kalena si la mid ah ayaa loo soo saari karaa. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waa in la ogaadaa in anteenada saldhigga saldhigga leh ee GT ee 17dBi ay yeelan karto oo kaliya daboolka daboolka taageere-qaabeeya oo leh ballac dhuxul ah 30 °, 65 ° ama 90 °, iwm, mana ilaalin karto daboolka dhinac kasta.
Intaa waxaa dheer, haddii anteenada gudbinta faa'iido GT = 11dBi weli isbeddelin xisaabinta kor ku xusan, laakiin deegaanka faafinta isbedel, khasaaraha faafinta L0 = 31.1dB-20dB = 11.1dB, ka dibna khasaaraha faafinta 20dB la dhimay waxay kordhin doontaa masaafada isgaarsiinta toban laab, taas oo ah, r = 10 kiiloomitir. Erayga luminta faafinta wuxuu la xiriiraa deegaanka korantada ee ku hareeraysan. Magaalooyinka, waxaa ku yaal dhismayaal dhaadheer oo badan, khasaaraha faafintuna waa weyn yahay. Dhulka miyiga ah ee ku xeeran, guryaha beeralaydu waa hooseeyaan oo aad u yar, khasaaraha faafintuna waa yar yahay. Sidaa darteed, xitaa haddii goobaha nidaamka isgaarsiineed ay isku mid yihiin, baaxadda daboolida waxtarka leh ayaa ka duwanaan doonta farqiga u dhexeeya deegaanka isticmaalka.
Sidaa darteed, marka aad dooranayso dhinac kasta, anteenooyinka jihada iyo foomamka anteenada faa'iido badan ama faa'iido hoose, waxaa lagama maarmaan ah in la tixgeliyo isticmaalka anteenooyinka saldhigga saldhigga noocyo kala duwan iyo tilmaamo iyadoo loo eegayo shuruudaha gaarka ah ee shabakadda isgaarsiinta mobilada iyo deegaanka codsiga.
Si aad wax badan uga ogaato anteenooyinka, fadlan booqo:
Waqtiga boostada: Jul-25-2025
