Wararka - Mabda'a faa'iidada anteenada, sida loo xisaabiyo faa'iidada anteenada

Faa'iidada anteenada waxaa loola jeedaa faa'iidada tamarta shucaaca ee anteenada ee jiho gaar ah marka loo eego anteenada isha dhibicda ugu habboon. Waxay ka dhigan tahay awoodda shucaaca anteenada ee jihada gaar ah, taas oo ah, soo dhaweynta signalka ama waxtarka qiiqa ee anteenada jihadaas. Markasta oo ay sare u kacdo faa'iidada anteenadu, waxa ay anteenadu u shaqaynaysaa jiho gaar ah waxayna si hufan u heli kartaa ama u gudbin kartaa calaamadaha. Faa'iidada anteenada waxaa badanaa lagu muujiyaa decibels (dB) waana mid ka mid ah tilmaamayaasha muhiimka ah ee lagu qiimeeyo waxqabadka anteenada.

Marka xigta, waxaan ku qaadan doonaa inaad fahamto mabaadi'da aasaasiga ah ee faa'iidada anteenada iyo sida loo xisaabiyo faa'iidada anteenada, iwm.

1. Mabda'a faa'iidada anteenada

Aragti ahaan, faa'iidada anteenadu waa saamiga cufnaanta awoodda signalka ee ay dhaliso anteenada dhabta ah iyo anteenada isha dhibicda ugu habboon ee meel gaar ah oo bannaan oo hoos timaada isla awoodda wax-gelinta. Fikradda anteenada isha dhibicda ayaa halkan lagu sheegay. waa maxay Dhab ahaantii, waa anteenada ay dadku u malaynayaan inay si isku mid ah u sii daynayso calaamadaha, qaabka shucaaca calaamadaheeduna waa goob si isku mid ah u fidsan. Dhab ahaantii, anteenooyinku waxay leeyihiin tilmaamo faa'iido u leh shucaaca (hadda dambe waxaa loo yaqaan dusha shucaaca). Calaamadaha dusha shucaaca ayaa ka xoog badnaan doona qiimaha shucaaca ee anteenada isha isha, halka shucaaca calaamadaha ee jihooyinka kale uu daciifo. Isbarbardhigga u dhexeeya qiimaha dhabta ah iyo qiimaha aragtida halkan waa faa'iidada anteenada.

Sawirku wuxuu muujinayaaRM-SGHA42-10model alaabta Gain xogta

Waxaa xusid mudan in anteenooyinka dadban ee sida caadiga ah ay arkaan dadka caadiga ah ma wanaajiyaan awoodda gudbinta, laakiin sidoo kale waxay isticmaalaan awoodda gudbinta. Sababta weli loo tixgeliyo inay faa'iido leedahay waa sababtoo ah jihooyin kale ayaa la sadqeeyay, jihada shucaaca ayaa xoogga saaraysa, iyo heerka isticmaalka calaamaduhu waa la hagaajiyay.

2. Xisaabinta faa'iidada anteenada

Helitaanka anteenada dhab ahaantii waxay ka dhigan tahay heerka shucaaca xoogga leh ee awoodda wireless, sidaas darteed waxay si dhow ula xiriirtaa qaabka shucaaca anteenada. Fahamka guud ayaa ah in cidhiidhiga cidhiidhiga ah ee laf-dhabarka weyn iyo inta yar ee lafaha dhinaca ee qaabka shucaaca anteenada, ay korodho faa'iidada . Haddaba sidee loo xisaabiyaa faa'iidada anteenada? Anteenada guud, qaacidada G (dBi) = 10Lg {32000/(2θ3dB, E × 2θ3dB, H)} ayaa loo isticmaali karaa in lagu qiyaaso faa'iidadeeda. formula,
2θ3dB, E iyo 2θ3dB, H waa ballaadhka laydhka anteenada ee labada diyaaradood ee waaweyn siday u kala horreeyaan; 32000 waa xogta dhabta ah ee tirakoobka.

Haddaba maxay ka dhigan tahay haddii gudbiyaha wireless-ka 100mw uu ku qalabaysan yahay anteeno leh faa'iido + 3dbi? Marka hore, u beddel awoodda gudbinta u beddel signalka faa'iidada dbm. Habka xisaabinta waa:

100mw=10lg100=20dbm

Kadib xisaabi wadarta guud ee awoodda gudbinta, taas oo la mid ah wadarta guud ee awoodda gudbinta iyo faa'iidada anteenada. Habka xisaabinta waa sida soo socota:

20dbm+3dbm=23dbm

Ugu dambeyntii, awoodda gudbinta u dhiganta ayaa dib loo xisaabiyaa sida soo socota:

10 ^ (23/10) 200mw

Si kale haddii loo dhigo, anteenada faa'iidada +3dbi waxay labanlaabmi kartaa awoodda gudbinta u dhiganta.

3. anteenooyinkooda faa'iidada guud

Anteenooyinka router-ceyrarka wadaagga ah waa anteenooyinkooda dhinac walba. Dusha sare ee shucaaca waxa ay dul saaran tahay diyaarada toosan ee anteenada, halkaas oo faa'iidada shucaaca ugu badan tahay, halka shucaaca ka sarreeya xagga sare iyo hoosta hoose ee anteenada uu aad u daciifo. Waxay la mid tahay qaadashada fiidmeerta signalka oo aad u yara simiso.

Faa'iidada anteenada waa uun "qaabaynta" calaamada, cabbirka faa'idaduna waxay muujinaysaa heerka isticmaalka calaamadaha.

Waxa kale oo jira anteeno saxan ah oo caadi ah, taas oo inta badan ah anteenada jihada. Oogada shucaaca waxay ku taal aagga faneedka u qaabaysan si toos ah saxanka hortiisa, iyo calaamadaha meelaha kale si buuxda ayaa loo wiiqay. Waxay la mid tahay ku darista daboolka iftiinka nalka.

Marka la soo koobo, anteenooyinka faa'iidada sare leh waxay leeyihiin faa'iidooyinka dhererka dheer iyo tayada calaamada ka fiican, laakiin waa inay u huraan shucaaca jihooyin gaar ah (sida caadiga ah jihooyinka khasaaray). Anteenooyinka faa'iido-hooseeya guud ahaan waxay leeyihiin kala duwanaan jihayn ballaaran laakiin kala duwanaansho gaaban. Marka alaabada fiilooyinku ay ka baxaan warshadda, soosaarayaashu guud ahaan waxay u habeeyaan si waafaqsan xaaladaha isticmaalka.

Waxaan jeclaan lahaa inaan kugula taliyo dhowr waxyaalood oo anteeno ah oo faa'iido fiican u leh qof walba: