Kala duwanaanshaha waxtarka leh ee aanteenada microwavewaxay ku xidhan tahay xadiga soo noqnoqda, faa'idada, iyo xaalada codsiga. Hoos waxaa ku yaal burbur farsamo ee noocyada anteenada caadiga ah:
1. Soo noqnoqda Kooxda & Isku xidhka Range
- E-band antenna (60-90 GHz):
Isku xirka dhererka gaaban, awoodda sare leh (1-3 km) ee 5G dib-u-hawlgalayaasha iyo comms-ka militariga. Attenuation atmospheric wuxuu gaaraa 10 dB/km sababtoo ah nuugista ogsijiinta. - Anteenada Ka-band (26.5–40 GHz):
Comms-ka dayax-gacmeedku wuxuu gaadhay 10-50 km (dhul-ilaa-LEO) oo leh 40+ dBi faa'iido. Roobabku libdhi waxay hoos u dhigi karaan tirada 30%. - 2.60-3.95 GHzAnteenada Geeska:
Daboolista dhexda (5-20 km) ee radar iyo IoT, isu dheelli tirka galinta iyo heerka xogta.
2. Nooca Anteenada & Waxqabadka
| Anteenada | Faa'iidada Caadiga ah | Xadka ugu badan | Isticmaal Kiis |
|---|---|---|---|
| Anteenada laba geesoodka ah | 2-6 dBi | <1 km (imtixaanka EMC) | Baaritaannada muddada-gaaban |
| Horn Gain Standard | 12-20 dBi | 3-10 km | Cabbiraadda / cabbirka |
| Microstrip Array | 15-25 dBi | 5-50 km | Saldhigyada 5G/Satcom |
3. Aasaaska Xisaabinta Range
Qiyaasta isla'egta gudbinta Friis waxay kala duwan tahay (*d*):
d = (λ/4π) × √(P_t × G_t × G_r / P_r)
Halkee:
P_t = Gudbi awood (tusaale, 10W radar)
G_t, G_r = Guulaha anteenada Tx/Rx (tusaale, 20 dBi gees)
P_r = dareenka qaataha (tusaale, -90 dBm)
Talo wax ku ool ah: Xiriirinta dayax-gacmeedka Ka-band, ku lammaan gees faa'iido sare leh (30+ dBi) oo leh cod-weyneyaal dhawaqeed hooseeya (NF <1 dB).
4. Xuduudaha deegaanka
Attenuation Roobka: Calaamadaha Ka-band waxay lumiyaan 3-10 dB/km roobab culus.
Faafinta Beam: A 25 dBi microstrip array at 30 GHz waxay leedahay 2.3° beamball - ku haboon isku xirka bar-ilaa-dhibcood ee saxda ah.
Gabagabo: Heerarka anteenada Microwave way kala duwan yihiin <1 km (tijaabooyin EMC laba-geesood ah) ilaa 50+ km (Ka-band satcom). Wanaaji adiga oo dooranaya anteenooyinka E-/Ka-band ee wax soo saarka ama 2-4 GHz geesaha la isku halleyn karo.
Si aad wax badan uga ogaato anteenooyinka, fadlan booqo:
Waqtiga boostada: Agoosto-08-2025
